Racism and the opioid “epidemic”

http://www.theinfluence.org/why-doctors-still-dont-see-black-patients-pain/

It’s not news that the medical complex discriminates against people of color in a variety of ways, including when it comes to treating pain. But what’s the connection between this well-documented phenomenon and the much-hyped “opioid epidemic,” which has disproportionately affected white America?

Adam Hirsh, a pain researcher at Indiana University-Purdue University, says that when people are confronted with data on black people getting less pain treatment that whites, they often offer a “silver-lining argument: that even if blacks have been unequally treated for pain, they have largely been spared from opioid addiction.”

In 2014, according to the article in The New York Times, “71 out of every million white Americans died of overdoses involving prescription opioids, compared with 33 out of every million blacks.”

But that argument doesn’t sit well with Hirsch, nor should it with anyone…

Hirsch and other researchers quoted in the piece say the pain-treatment discrepancy is more likely due to racial discrimination by white doctors. Not only are white doctors more likely to stereotype black patients as people who are using drugs problematically, they say, but they are also less likely to empathize with patients of a different race, and likelier to underestimate the severity of their pain. Only about 4 percent of practicing physicians in the US are black.

Another disturbing recent study from the University of Virginia found that fully half of white med students and residents believed at least one of a set of inaccurate and at times “fantastical” statements about differences between black and white people. The statements included the idea that “blacks have less sensitive nerve endings than whites or that black people’s blood coagulates more quickly.” …

https://painkills2.wordpress.com/2015/09/20/does-racism-cause-drug-addiction-in-white-people/

Don’t be fooled

http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-08-17/this-drug-could-end-america-s-painkiller-epidemic

The new molecule targets the brain-mediated emotional component of pain. This allows it to kill pain just as well as morphine does, without the side effects of respiratory suppression and dopamine-driven addiction in the brain. (Regular painkillers target both the brain-mediated and reflexive response aspects of pain.) The new drug also causes less constipation and doesn’t affect spinal cord reflexive responses as traditional narcotics do, according to the study. The potential difference in addiction was shown in experiments involving mice…

Manglik estimates that it will take multiple years for the compound to be tested in humans, noting the importance of such trials to learn more about PZM21’s addictive properties and safety. “The real experiment for a lot of these things is going to have to happen in humans,” he said, adding that addiction is “really a human disease.” …

This drug kills pain as well as morphine does? Don’t be fooled…

“brain-mediated emotional component of pain”

I may not be a neurologist, but I can read between the lines. Researchers are trying to go around the main areas of the brain that deal with pain to target the area that deals with the “emotional component” of pain. It’s my understanding that this is how antidepressants can alleviate pain, along with other drugs prescribed off-label for pain, like anticonvulsants and antipsychotics. It’s also similar to drugs used to treat addiction.

On the Wikipedia page for this new drug (PZM21) under “See Also,” I found this (which looks like the same drug):

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cebranopadol

Notably, it has also been found to be more potent in models of chronic neuropathic pain than acute nociceptive pain…

As an agonist of the κ-opioid receptor, cebranopadol may have the capacity to produce psychotomimetic effects and other adverse reactions at sufficiently high doses, a property which could potentially limit its practical clinical dosage range…

Google definition: A drug with psychotomimetic actions mimics the symptoms of psychosis, including delusions and/or delirium, as opposed to just hallucinations…

And on the Wikipedia page for cebranopadol, I found a link to norbuprenorphine.

I wish the research community was on the right path in the study of pain, but as far as I’m concerned, they’re following paths dictated by the funding they receive, which is anti-opioid. (In other words, we’re fucked.)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK57254/

(2010) Translational Pain Research: From Mouse to Man.

Chapter 15, Human Brain Imaging Studies of Chronic Pain

The advent of non-invasive human brain imaging technologies provided the opportunity for direct examination of the human brain. This occurred about 15 years ago with the related expectation that we were at the threshold of a revolution in our understanding of chronic pain. This expectation remains largely unfulfilled, although much has been published in the topic. Here we concentrate mainly on our own work in the topic, arguing in general that the subject of brain mechanisms of chronic pain remains in its infancy mainly because of a heavy emphasis in the field on studying nociception rather than chronicity of pain…

Acetaminophen, Sugar, and Kids

http://www.medpagetoday.com/OBGYN/Pregnancy/59701?xid=NL_breakingnews_2016-08-16&eun=g875301d0r

Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen was linked with a subsequent increased risk of behavioral problems in children, even after controlling for multiple confounders, a small cohort from a U.K. study found…

http://www.livescience.com/55754-does-sugar-make-kids-hyper.html

If a child eats cotton candy, a chocolate bar or any other kind of sugary treat, will a hyperactive frenzy follow? While some parents may swear that the answer is “yes,” research shows that it’s just not true…